JREAM

Bash Snippets and Aliases

Table of Contents

File Commands

CommandDescriptionExample
fileReturns the file typefile filename.txt
headOutput first part of a filehead -n 10 (-n are lines)
tailRead the bottom of a filetail log.txt
foldWrap each input line to fit a specific widthfold -w 80 (-w is width)
catConcatenate files and print it outcat log.txt

Get a Files Basename

location="/var/log/apache2/error.log"
echo "${location##*/}"
# error.log

basename -- $location
# error.log

Get a Files Extension

location="/var/log/apache2/error.log"
echo "${location##*.}"
# log

Get a File without the Extension

location="/var/log/apache2/error.log"
tmp="${location##*/}"
echo ${tmp%.*}
# error

Creating Files and Folders

Create a Nested Folders

mkdir -p assets/images

Create Multiple Nested Folders

mkdir -p assets/{images,scripts,styles}

Make Multiple Folders With The Same Prefix

mkdir -p repo_{dev,staging,prod}

Install Packages Shorter Syntax

# Instead of this
sudo apt install php8.1 php8.1-mysql php8.1-curl php8.1-gd

# Do this
sudo apt install php8.1 php8.1-{mysql,curl,gd}

Create Random Strings

Generate a Random OpenSSL String

openssl rand -hex 20
openssl rand -base64 256

Generate an MD5 Checksum

# We pipe the output of the command into md5sum
echo $STR | md5sum | head -c 20; echo;

Generate a Base64 Value

echo $STR | base64 | head -c 20; echo

Generate Many Random Strings

#
cat /dev/urandom | tr -dc 'a-zA-Z0-9' | fold -w 50 | head -n 10

Bash Aliases

Create a Folder and Go Into It

mkdirgo() { mkdir -p $1; cd $1 }

Count Files in a Folder

alias count='find . -type f | wc -l'

Assign Variable with One Line Ternary

Although I find this sloppy, you can still do it.

GRC="" && [ -x "$(command -v grc)" &> /dev/null ] && GRC='grc'
something="default" && [[ 1 > 2 ]]  && myvar="non-default"

Simplify Required Sudo Commands

# ╔══════════════════════════════════════════╗
# ║ Sudo                                     ║
# ╚══════════════════════════════════════════╝
alias chgrp='sudo chown'
alias chmod='sudo chmod'
alias chmox='sudo chmod'  # always make this typo
alias chown='sudo chown'
alias service='sudo service'
alias systemctl='sudo systemctl'

# Super User 'sudo' shortcuts
alias apt='sudo apt'
alias apt-get='sudo apt-get'
alias su='sudo -i'            # Become root
alias root='sudo -i'          # Become root
alias service='sudo service'
alias sudo='sudo '            # Enables aliases to be sudo-ed

Simplyify System Updating

# ╔══════════════════════════════════════════╗
# ║ System                                   ║
# ╚══════════════════════════════════════════╝
alias autoclean='sudo apt autoclean'
alias autoremove='clean'
alias clean='sudo apt autoremove; sudo apt autoclean'
alias update='sudo apt-get update'
alias updatey='sudo apt-get update && \
  sudo apt-get upgrade -y && \
  sudo apt autoremove -y && \
  sudo apt autoclean'
alias upgrade='sudo apt-get upgrade'
alias ppa='sudo apt-add-repository'

Simplify Directory Navigation

# ╔══════════════════════════════════════════╗
# ║ Navigation                               ║
# ╚══════════════════════════════════════════╝
alias l="ls -lh --color=auto"
alias la="ls -lah --color=auto"                   # Long List
alias ll="ls -lah --color=auto"                   # Long List
alias ls="ls --color=auto"
alias l.="ls -d .* --color=auto | column -s='\n'" # List Hidden files
alias lh="l."                                     # <List Hidden Files>; Alias for Alias
alias ll.="ls -lhd .* --color=auto"               # Long List Hidden
alias llh="ll."                                   # <List Hidden Files; Alias for Alias

# Navigation
alias ..='cd ..'
alias ...='cd ../..'
alias ....='cd ../../..'

Colorize Some Built In Functions

# Grep
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'

Various Utility Aliases

alias mkdir='mkdir -pv'             # Allows to Create nested dirs by default
alias xclip='xclip -sel clip'       # Copy to Clipboard $ cat file.txt | xclip
alias wget="wget -c"                # Resume if failed by default
alias findfile="find . -name "      # Make find a little easier

alias myip="curl -s https://checkip.amazonaws.com"
alias myips="hostname -I"

Show Colored Output with GRC.g

GRC is a lightwight and useful syntax highlighter for all sorts of shell commands, including many 3rd-party vendors. You can also make your own if you like.

sudo apt install grc -y

The folders where GRC colorfiles are found, is in this order:

  • ~/.grc/ - This means your custom files would overwrite any others if you set them.
  • /usr/local/share/grc/
  • /usr/share/grc/

There is a standard grc command and a grcat for concatenate command are available. You can colorize any command with grc and grcat.

### Nginx Shortcuts

```bash
# ╔══════════════════════════════════════════╗
# ║ Nginx                                    ║
# ╚══════════════════════════════════════════╝
function ngensite { sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/$1 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled; }
function ngdissite { sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/$1; }
alias ngaccess='tail -n 50 /var/log/nginx/access.log'
alias ngdisstartup='sudo service nginx stop && sudo update-rc.d nginx disable && echo "nginx set to NOT autostart"'
alias ngenstartup='sudo service nginx start && sudo update-rc.d nginx enable && echo "nginx set to autostart"'
alias nglog='tail -n 50 /var/log/nginx/error.log'
alias ngls-sites-en='ls /etc/nginx/sites-enabled'
alias ngls-sites='ls /etc/nginx/sites-available'
alias ngpath='cd /etc/nginx/'
alias ngreload='sudo service nginx reload'
alias ngrestart='sudo service nginx restart'
alias ngsites='cd /etc/nginx/sites-available'
alias ngstart='sudo service nginx start'
alias ngstatus='systemctl status nginx.service'
alias ngstop='sudo service nginx stop'
alias ngtest='sudo nginx -t'

Apache2 Shortcuts

# ╔══════════════════════════════════════════╗
# ║ Apache2                                  ║
# ╚══════════════════════════════════════════╝
alias a2ls-mods-en='ls /etc/apache2/mods-enabled'
alias a2ls-mods='ls /etc/apache2/mods-available'
alias a2ls-sites-en='ls /etc/apache2/sites-enabled'
alias a2ls-sites='ls /etc/apache2/sites-available'

alias a2graceful='sudo /usr/sbin/apachectl -k graceful'
alias a2modules='sudo apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES'
alias a2path='cd /etc/apache2/'
alias a2reload='sudo service apache2 reload'
alias a2restart='sudo service apache2 restart'
alias a2start='sudo service apache2 start'
alias a2status='systemctl status apache2.service'
alias a2stop='sudo service apache2 stop'
alias a2test='sudo apachectl -t'
alias a2version='sudo apachectl -v'
alias a2vhosts='sudo apachectl -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS'

alias a2disconf='sudo a2disconf'
alias a2dismod='sudo a2dismod'
alias a2dissite='sudo a2dissite'
alias a2enconf='sudo a2enconf'
alias a2enmod='sudo a2enmod'
alias a2ensite='sudo a2ensite'
alias a2graceful='sudo a2graceful'
alias a2modules='sudo a2modules'

Get Hardware

Get your computers serial number

sudo dmidecode -s system-serial-number

Get BIOS Info

sudo dmidecode -s bios-release-date
sudo dmidecode -s bios-version

# Get All BIOS info
sudo dmidecode -t bios

Get Computer Make/Model and Serial

sudo dmidecode -s system-version
sudo dmidecode -s system-product-name
sudo dmidecode -s system-product-name chassis-type

# Get All SYSTEM info
sudo dmidecode -t system

Get CPU Details

sudo dmidecode -t processor

Get Memory Details

sudo dmidecode -t memory

Get Motherboard Details and Serial

sudo dmidecode -t baseboard

Get All Input Ports

sudo dmidecode -t connector

Check Battery

sudo dmidecode -t 22
sudo apt install acpi
acpi -ib

Get PCI Devices

lspci
lspci -v  # Verbose

Get USB Devices

lsusb
lsusb -v  # Verbose

Get All Hardware

sudo lshw

Check Hard Drive Partitions

lsblk

Monitoring System

You may have to apt install htop which is a nicer versio with color.

tophtop
htop

You can also get more information on your computer by going to Applications > System Profiles.